The third chapter of the book “Souls of Black Folk” by W.E.B. Du Bois is primarily talking about views on the endurance of African Americans of the hardships of mistreatment and disrespect. Du Bois struggled for equality and consideration of African Americans during the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries. W.E.B. Du Bois incorporates many rhetorical devices into the third chapter of his book. Through detail and tone, Du Bois gives a structural view on the morals of freeing black people from the slavery of discrimination.
The tone of Du Bois’ third chapter is that of constructive criticism. He is criticizing Booker T. Washington on his ideas and suggestions for the betterment of the United States as a whole. Du Bois, at some points, disagrees with the viewpoints of Washington, but does not talk badly about his views. Instead, he states where Washington’s viewpoints vary from his own, then he tells why he feels that these ideas of Washington were, to him, incorrect. He does so, however, in quite a respectful manner, and does not once try to cut Washington down.
The tone changes from to resentment towards the end of the chapter where the Declaration of Independence is discussed. “All men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights…” (p. 59). This somewhat clichéd saying is present to show the negativity felt towards discriminatory whites by W.E.B. Du Bois. This clause of the Declaration of Independence was the backbone of our country when we had nothing else; it had survived through the Civil War and many others and has been the standpoint of nationalism everywhere, but it is ripped apart like the 300 year old paper it is written on when it comes to skin color.
W.E.B. Du Bois uses great detail in writing this particular chapter. Many instances occur where he uses many different examples of an occurrence. “Thus, Forten and Purvis of Philadelphia, Shad of Wilmington, Du Bois of New Haven, Barbadoes of Boston, and others, strove singly and together as men, they said, not as slaves; as ‘people of color,’ not as “Negroes” (p. 49). Du Bois refers to all these people in order to give his readers more of a background on the topic about which he is writing. This makes the audience better understand the topic and causes them to be more inclined to listen to what Du Bois is saying in this chapter.
Tuesday, November 25, 2008
Monday, November 24, 2008
"Of Our Spiritual Strivings" Response
The first chapter of “The Souls of Black Folk”, by W.E.B. DuBois, lets the readers know that he is not ashamed to be an African American. He is quite the contrary, however, with an air of pride shown through his writing. He does not consider his race to be a curse, but a blessing. He alludes to the fact that he does not want to be pitied for not being “privileged” enough to be accepted amid the whites in his society. “I had thereafter no desire to tear down that veil, to creep through” (pg. 44). Within this quote, DuBois shows that he was not ignorant to the fact that he was looked upon differently than the whites in his society. He lets the reader know that he understands the fact that he is will not be treated like a true member of society, but he shows maturity in accepting it. By that point, he did not respond negatively to the fact that he was treated like an outcast in his own society. DuBois metaphorically speaks of the blindfold that whites have put over African American eyes that forbids them from seeing the joy that they could have if they were not of African American race. The shield, in a sense, blockades blacks from society and from being content with their life. Contrarily, DuBois lets the audience know that he was content with the fact that he was different from his white counterparts in society. “The sky was bluest when I could beat my mates at examination time” (pg. 44). Basically, DuBois enjoyed making whites think twice about him not being adequate. He got happiness from proving them wrong in showing that the judgments that they have for African Americans without knowing them is incorrect.
Monday, November 17, 2008
Sunday, November 16, 2008
APA Annotated Bibliographies
Swiech, P. (2008, March 15). Doctor's book answers patients questions about anesthesia. Pantagraph, The (Bloomington, IL), Retrieved November 16, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
Anesthesia is “a temporary loss of feeling or awareness induced by medications”, and Anesthesiologists are doctors who give patients these medications and monitor them. This article is written by Paul Swiech and it focuses on the writings of a particular anesthesiologist, Dr. Ben Taimoorazy. Dr. Taimoorazy has been an anesthesiologist for 14 years, and is the author of the book titled “Before You Go Under.” According to the article, this is a book containing sixty- three questions frequently asked by various individuals pending an anesthetic procedure. The author of this article stresses that a person should be not only physically prepared, but that they should also be mentally ready for the procedure before being put under anesthetics. According to Swiech, Dr. Taimoorazy makes it abundantly clear that the safety and wellbeing of the patient should be an anesthesiologist’s number one priority. The argument that Swiech is trying to make in this article is presented rhetorically in many ways. One rhetorical element that Swiech’s article conveyed was ethos. Swiech begins to attempt to gain the audience’s credibility through Dr. Taimoorazy. By making his subject seem more credible, he is, in a sense, adding credibility to his entire argument. “Taimoorazy said none of his patients has experienced anesthesia awareness.” Swiech was trying to portray Dr. Taimoorazy as a competent doctor who makes few errors in his work, therefore making him seem like a more credible source. “One doctor who agrees is Dr. Ann Stroink of Central Illinois Neuro Health Science in Bloomington.” Here is another instance where Swiech is using ethos as a rhetorical device. He uses the name of another doctor to help make his argument sound more convincing, because, with her being a doctor, she should be a credible source. A mistake was made in this article. Swiech focused too much on how Taimoorazy wrote the book and the steps he took to write it. This partially takes away from the main point, which was to tell about the questions asked and the answers given by the author. If a change could be made, it should be that Swiech cut out much of the talk about the author of the book, and get immediately onto the main point of the book.
This article helped me determine that I do still want to pursue this career, because to be an anesthesiologist, you should have a passion for helping people, like Dr. Taimoorazy does.
Avril, T. (2008, March 12). Experts study patients who wake up during surgery. Philadelphia Inquirer, The (PA), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
Anesthesia awareness can be described as “regaining some level of consciousness during surgery.” The main point of this article is to argue that, although not a large number of patients who undergo an anesthetic operation go through anesthetic awareness, it is a traumatic experience for those it happens to. The author wants to get the point across that anesthetic awareness is no small matter and that everything possible should be done to see to it that it occurs no more. The author of this article, Tom Avril, uses rhetorical tropes to argue his point. First, the author uses ethos. He presents various quotes from many patients that underwent anesthetic awareness. “One patient heard a crunching noise when the surgeon cut through his bones. Another felt ‘white-hot fire pain’ as a physician probed his insides, but he was unable to speak.” The feelings that these patients went through were tragic, and by using these in his article, the author makes the audience feel bad and sorry for the poor souls who had to go through that. Another rhetorical device that is used by the author is ethos. Avril gives statistics, which boosts his credibility and makes it seems as though he knows what he is talking about. Avril uses diction in his article. He uses descriptive words to get his point across. Avril also uses imagery to give more life to his article. The quotes that he uses from the patients who underwent anesthetic awareness are very gruesome and descriptive. He describes “bones crunching” and “scissors cutting into [someone’s] chest.” These vivid descriptions appeal to the sense of vision. The reader can almost see what is being described in the text. A flaw of this article was that the author only wrote about one test that was done to figure out if the statistics about the number of cases of anesthetic awareness were accurate. The argument would have been stronger if Tom Avril would have included more examples of how the experts are trying to figure out if the counts of the cases were accurate. This article helped me to determine whether or not I really want to pursue this career because it points out that anesthesiologists do make mistakes, and those mistakes could be quite costly for my patient or even for myself.
Cohen, H. (2007, November 13). Med students learn how to prevent errors that cost lives and money. Miami Herald, The (FL), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
“Medical errors impact 1.5 million Americans each year, according to a 2006 Institute of Medicine study. These include mistakes in procuring, prescribing, and dispensing drugs.” It is imperative for doctors to communicate well. It is also very important for them to be well trained in preventing mistakes, fixing mistakes, and reacting well to unexpected emergencies. The University of Miami/ Jackson Memorial Hospital Center for Patient Safety is a wonderful program that teaches students how to react to numerous unexpected emergencies that may occur. This program teaches the students communication and how to reduce medical errors. The program uses a technique of videotaping the students as they work on various unexpected medical emergencies, and then letting the student watch the video. This way, the student can point out where he or she went wrong. This helps them to learn from their mistake and the student has less of a chance of making the same mistake again. The author of this article, Howard Cohen, uses many rhetorical devices to better tell his story. Cohen establishes ethos by incorporating statistics into his argument. He also uses a quote from Linda Cronenwett, who “co-chaired the Committee for Identifying Medical Errors”. This establishes Cohen’s credibility because he is quoting someone that the audience can see is educated in the field of the topic and clearly knows what she is talking about. Cohen uses logos as a rhetorical device by including numbers in his article. This leads the audience to believe that what the author is saying makes sense, because there is a number added in there. A flaw of Howard Cohen’s article is that he adds in too many outside sources. The author is constantly writing about someone else’s point of view and isn’t adding enough information from his own mind. This would be a better article if Howard Cohen would add more input from himself and what he thinks instead of continually using other people’s ideas. This article helps me determine whether or not I really want to pursue this career because it lets me see that with enough practice I can become quite skilled and effective at anesthesiology, as long as I get the tools I need to enact that, which would be a spot in the classroom a program such as the one talked about in this article.
Hawkes, N. (n.d.). Pain relief of a different kind. Times, The (United Kingdom), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
Apparently, the use of anesthesia on patients for medical operations is a widely debated topic. The author of this article, Stephanie J. Snow has her mind made up that the use of anesthesia is a good way to protect medical patients from pain during their surgeries. Snow disagrees with the set of values portrayed by so many Victorians. Many doctors, theologians, and even surgeons agree that protecting patients from pain by the use of anesthesia is not a good idea and is more trouble than it is worth. Opposers to the author’s statement believe that “pain [is] a necessary prologue to recovery.” It was passed off as “the way in which the body dealt with overcoming the shock of and operation.” Snow argues that anesthetics are helpful. She believes that those who undergo surgery without taking them run a high risk of dying because of excruciating pain. Stephanie Snow uses ethos as a rhetorical device to get her point that anesthetics are a positive aspect of the medical world across to the audience. Within the article, Snow refers to King Edward VII. She writes about a surgery that he had with the use of anesthetics, and she argues the point that if he would not have been under anesthesia he most likely would not have survived his operation. By using King Edward VII as an example, the author of the article gains credibility, because a king is quite a high power, and writing of one grabs the readers’ focus and makes them pay attention. The audience is not expecting for a king to be discussed within the article pertaining to anesthetics, so the author also uses the element of surprise. A flaw that lies within this article is that the author tends to briefly discuss many different, unrelated topics in each paragraph. The argument would be presented more strongly if each paragraph in the article stayed on topic. Every paragraph should have one main idea and sentences that talk about it. This article helps me to determine whether or not I really want to pursue the profession of an anesthesiologist. It makes me believe that anesthesiology is a positive thing that helps many people, and my goal in life is to have a profession that helps many people.
Sapatkin, D. (2008, July 16). Surgeon sued for giving anesthetized patient temporary tattoo. Philadelphia Inquirer, The (PA), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
While medical patients are anesthetized, they are virtually dead to the world. If the anesthesia works correctly, the patient can not speak, feel, or hear what is going on within the operation room during his or her surgery. This is probably why a woman noticed a surprising and disturbing temporary tattoo on her abdomen shortly after an operation during which she was anesthetized. Shortly thereafter, the woman concluded that it was given to her by her doctor, Steven Kirshner, and she immediately took steps to her the surgeon sued. From the doctor’s point of view, it was hardly a malicious act against the woman. He gives tattoos to many of his patients, and they have never been taken so harshly. The tattoos were simply a harmless way of making his patient feel better after his or her operation. Although it is made clear by his lawyer that Kirshner meant no harm in giving these temporary tattoos, he will still most likely be found guilty of the charge against him. It is illegal to tamper with a patient outside of performing an operation while the patient is under anesthesia. A rhetorical device that the author uses within the article is that of ethos. He uses instances of other patients who had marks left on them by doctors. To Kirshner, these are not comparable, because in his eyes he did nothing malicious or inappropriate, but to the woman, he had committed a heinous crime. A flaw that is present within the text is that the author of the article fails to include the name of the woman to whom the temporary tattoo was given. This makes the audience of the article feel more distant to her. A way that the argument could be made stronger would be for the author of the text to include some of his own input. The two sides of the argument are made clear by everyone except for the author of the article. The article would be stronger if he let the audience see his point of view about the case. This article helps me to determine whether or not I really want to pursue this profession. The article has taught me something that I may use to my advantage as I go through my career as an anesthesiologist.
Anesthesia is “a temporary loss of feeling or awareness induced by medications”, and Anesthesiologists are doctors who give patients these medications and monitor them. This article is written by Paul Swiech and it focuses on the writings of a particular anesthesiologist, Dr. Ben Taimoorazy. Dr. Taimoorazy has been an anesthesiologist for 14 years, and is the author of the book titled “Before You Go Under.” According to the article, this is a book containing sixty- three questions frequently asked by various individuals pending an anesthetic procedure. The author of this article stresses that a person should be not only physically prepared, but that they should also be mentally ready for the procedure before being put under anesthetics. According to Swiech, Dr. Taimoorazy makes it abundantly clear that the safety and wellbeing of the patient should be an anesthesiologist’s number one priority. The argument that Swiech is trying to make in this article is presented rhetorically in many ways. One rhetorical element that Swiech’s article conveyed was ethos. Swiech begins to attempt to gain the audience’s credibility through Dr. Taimoorazy. By making his subject seem more credible, he is, in a sense, adding credibility to his entire argument. “Taimoorazy said none of his patients has experienced anesthesia awareness.” Swiech was trying to portray Dr. Taimoorazy as a competent doctor who makes few errors in his work, therefore making him seem like a more credible source. “One doctor who agrees is Dr. Ann Stroink of Central Illinois Neuro Health Science in Bloomington.” Here is another instance where Swiech is using ethos as a rhetorical device. He uses the name of another doctor to help make his argument sound more convincing, because, with her being a doctor, she should be a credible source. A mistake was made in this article. Swiech focused too much on how Taimoorazy wrote the book and the steps he took to write it. This partially takes away from the main point, which was to tell about the questions asked and the answers given by the author. If a change could be made, it should be that Swiech cut out much of the talk about the author of the book, and get immediately onto the main point of the book.
This article helped me determine that I do still want to pursue this career, because to be an anesthesiologist, you should have a passion for helping people, like Dr. Taimoorazy does.
Avril, T. (2008, March 12). Experts study patients who wake up during surgery. Philadelphia Inquirer, The (PA), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
Anesthesia awareness can be described as “regaining some level of consciousness during surgery.” The main point of this article is to argue that, although not a large number of patients who undergo an anesthetic operation go through anesthetic awareness, it is a traumatic experience for those it happens to. The author wants to get the point across that anesthetic awareness is no small matter and that everything possible should be done to see to it that it occurs no more. The author of this article, Tom Avril, uses rhetorical tropes to argue his point. First, the author uses ethos. He presents various quotes from many patients that underwent anesthetic awareness. “One patient heard a crunching noise when the surgeon cut through his bones. Another felt ‘white-hot fire pain’ as a physician probed his insides, but he was unable to speak.” The feelings that these patients went through were tragic, and by using these in his article, the author makes the audience feel bad and sorry for the poor souls who had to go through that. Another rhetorical device that is used by the author is ethos. Avril gives statistics, which boosts his credibility and makes it seems as though he knows what he is talking about. Avril uses diction in his article. He uses descriptive words to get his point across. Avril also uses imagery to give more life to his article. The quotes that he uses from the patients who underwent anesthetic awareness are very gruesome and descriptive. He describes “bones crunching” and “scissors cutting into [someone’s] chest.” These vivid descriptions appeal to the sense of vision. The reader can almost see what is being described in the text. A flaw of this article was that the author only wrote about one test that was done to figure out if the statistics about the number of cases of anesthetic awareness were accurate. The argument would have been stronger if Tom Avril would have included more examples of how the experts are trying to figure out if the counts of the cases were accurate. This article helped me to determine whether or not I really want to pursue this career because it points out that anesthesiologists do make mistakes, and those mistakes could be quite costly for my patient or even for myself.
Cohen, H. (2007, November 13). Med students learn how to prevent errors that cost lives and money. Miami Herald, The (FL), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
“Medical errors impact 1.5 million Americans each year, according to a 2006 Institute of Medicine study. These include mistakes in procuring, prescribing, and dispensing drugs.” It is imperative for doctors to communicate well. It is also very important for them to be well trained in preventing mistakes, fixing mistakes, and reacting well to unexpected emergencies. The University of Miami/ Jackson Memorial Hospital Center for Patient Safety is a wonderful program that teaches students how to react to numerous unexpected emergencies that may occur. This program teaches the students communication and how to reduce medical errors. The program uses a technique of videotaping the students as they work on various unexpected medical emergencies, and then letting the student watch the video. This way, the student can point out where he or she went wrong. This helps them to learn from their mistake and the student has less of a chance of making the same mistake again. The author of this article, Howard Cohen, uses many rhetorical devices to better tell his story. Cohen establishes ethos by incorporating statistics into his argument. He also uses a quote from Linda Cronenwett, who “co-chaired the Committee for Identifying Medical Errors”. This establishes Cohen’s credibility because he is quoting someone that the audience can see is educated in the field of the topic and clearly knows what she is talking about. Cohen uses logos as a rhetorical device by including numbers in his article. This leads the audience to believe that what the author is saying makes sense, because there is a number added in there. A flaw of Howard Cohen’s article is that he adds in too many outside sources. The author is constantly writing about someone else’s point of view and isn’t adding enough information from his own mind. This would be a better article if Howard Cohen would add more input from himself and what he thinks instead of continually using other people’s ideas. This article helps me determine whether or not I really want to pursue this career because it lets me see that with enough practice I can become quite skilled and effective at anesthesiology, as long as I get the tools I need to enact that, which would be a spot in the classroom a program such as the one talked about in this article.
Hawkes, N. (n.d.). Pain relief of a different kind. Times, The (United Kingdom), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
Apparently, the use of anesthesia on patients for medical operations is a widely debated topic. The author of this article, Stephanie J. Snow has her mind made up that the use of anesthesia is a good way to protect medical patients from pain during their surgeries. Snow disagrees with the set of values portrayed by so many Victorians. Many doctors, theologians, and even surgeons agree that protecting patients from pain by the use of anesthesia is not a good idea and is more trouble than it is worth. Opposers to the author’s statement believe that “pain [is] a necessary prologue to recovery.” It was passed off as “the way in which the body dealt with overcoming the shock of and operation.” Snow argues that anesthetics are helpful. She believes that those who undergo surgery without taking them run a high risk of dying because of excruciating pain. Stephanie Snow uses ethos as a rhetorical device to get her point that anesthetics are a positive aspect of the medical world across to the audience. Within the article, Snow refers to King Edward VII. She writes about a surgery that he had with the use of anesthetics, and she argues the point that if he would not have been under anesthesia he most likely would not have survived his operation. By using King Edward VII as an example, the author of the article gains credibility, because a king is quite a high power, and writing of one grabs the readers’ focus and makes them pay attention. The audience is not expecting for a king to be discussed within the article pertaining to anesthetics, so the author also uses the element of surprise. A flaw that lies within this article is that the author tends to briefly discuss many different, unrelated topics in each paragraph. The argument would be presented more strongly if each paragraph in the article stayed on topic. Every paragraph should have one main idea and sentences that talk about it. This article helps me to determine whether or not I really want to pursue the profession of an anesthesiologist. It makes me believe that anesthesiology is a positive thing that helps many people, and my goal in life is to have a profession that helps many people.
Sapatkin, D. (2008, July 16). Surgeon sued for giving anesthetized patient temporary tattoo. Philadelphia Inquirer, The (PA), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
While medical patients are anesthetized, they are virtually dead to the world. If the anesthesia works correctly, the patient can not speak, feel, or hear what is going on within the operation room during his or her surgery. This is probably why a woman noticed a surprising and disturbing temporary tattoo on her abdomen shortly after an operation during which she was anesthetized. Shortly thereafter, the woman concluded that it was given to her by her doctor, Steven Kirshner, and she immediately took steps to her the surgeon sued. From the doctor’s point of view, it was hardly a malicious act against the woman. He gives tattoos to many of his patients, and they have never been taken so harshly. The tattoos were simply a harmless way of making his patient feel better after his or her operation. Although it is made clear by his lawyer that Kirshner meant no harm in giving these temporary tattoos, he will still most likely be found guilty of the charge against him. It is illegal to tamper with a patient outside of performing an operation while the patient is under anesthesia. A rhetorical device that the author uses within the article is that of ethos. He uses instances of other patients who had marks left on them by doctors. To Kirshner, these are not comparable, because in his eyes he did nothing malicious or inappropriate, but to the woman, he had committed a heinous crime. A flaw that is present within the text is that the author of the article fails to include the name of the woman to whom the temporary tattoo was given. This makes the audience of the article feel more distant to her. A way that the argument could be made stronger would be for the author of the text to include some of his own input. The two sides of the argument are made clear by everyone except for the author of the article. The article would be stronger if he let the audience see his point of view about the case. This article helps me to determine whether or not I really want to pursue this profession. The article has taught me something that I may use to my advantage as I go through my career as an anesthesiologist.
APA Annotated Bibliographies (2)
Researchers Explore Anesthesia-Related Maternal Mortality; University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine Professor Leads Study.. (2008, October 20). Ascribe Newswire: Health, Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Health Source - Consumer Edition database.
Anesthetics are drugs that are given to a patient pending a medical operation that cause the patient to be unable to see, hear, or feel anything during surgery. They basically put the patient to sleep. Anesthetics are a blessing to some and a bane to others. They can do anything between stopping a patient’s pain completely and killing him or her. Researchers have conducted a study that will allow them to see how many anesthetic deaths occur in comparison to the amount of live births. They also find out which type of anesthesia is more risky to the expectant women. The researchers found that “about 1.1 deaths occur per million live births.” It had been previously proven to be more dangerous for women during childbirth to use general anesthetics than regional anesthetics. The recent study has proven that the fatality rates for general anesthetics dropped, but the fatality rate for regional anesthetics has risen over the last eighteen years. The author of this article uses rhetorical elements to present his argument. The most frequently used rhetorical element is ethos. The author constantly attempts to gain credibility by including the ideas of individuals who are well trained in the medical field. Using these particular people’s ideas conveys the sense that the author had reliable sources. Another attempt at credibility took place within the text when the author used a statistic to help get his point across. Statistics are numbers and they show that the author spent some time researching his topic and didn’t just start writing based on what he thought he knew. The audience would see the statistic and come to the conclusion that the author is a credible source, because numbers don’t lie. A flaw that is present in this article is the fact that the author did not write about the follow-up of the medical study, so the reader does not really know what this study helped. The argument of the article would be stronger and more convincing if the author discussed how the study helped future patients. This article helps me determine whether or not I really want to pursue this career. The few amount of maternal deaths due to anesthesia is quite reassuring.
Secondhand Exposure to Drugs May Be an Occupational Hazardfor Anesthesiologists.. (2004, October 25). Ascribe Newswire: Health, Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Health Source - Consumer Edition database.
Anesthesiologists have the job of administering medicines to patients so that they are unconscious and feel nothing during surgery. The drugs that they administer to the patients, however, may be exhaled from the patient, and then inhaled by the anesthesiologist. The drugs that the anesthesiologists inhale could be detrimental to the heath of the anesthesiologist. These drugs can cause dependency and other ill effects. Dr. Mark Gold, a distinguished professor with UF’s McKnight Brain Institute, theorized that reasons other than access to drugs caused anesthesiologists to be overrepresented among addicted physicians, and that the presence of anesthetic agents in the air might be one of them. “This factor may lead some anesthesiologists to abuse drugs”, a theory that University of Florida presents Saturday at the 34th annual Society for Neuroscience meeting in San Diego, California. The author of this article uses different rhetorical tropes to argue his point. The author often uses ethos as a rhetorical device. He lets the audience know that he uses ideas from “a distinguished professor” to gain credibility with his audience. Another way that the author uses ethos is by using statistics. The use of statistics lets the audience know that the author researched his topic and has a good understanding of it. The second rhetorical device that is used in this article by the author is that of a simile. He uses the word “as” to compare the way that exhaled drugs have an affect on an anesthesiologist to the way that cigarette smoke affects second- hand smokers. A flaw that is present in this article is that the definition and job description was not fully explained. A person who is reading the article and does not know what an anesthesiologist was would have a difficult time figuring it out because little information is present in the text. A good way to make the presented argument stronger would be to add in more information about anesthesia and the job description of an anesthesiologist. This article made me rethink becoming an anesthesiologist, because I do not want to unknowingly become exposed and/ or addicted to drugs while doing my work.
Anesthesiologists' Substance Abuse Constant Despite Efforts.. (2002, September 26). Ascribe Newswire: Health, Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Health Source - Consumer Edition database.
During operations, anesthesiologists are exposed to many forms of sedative drugs. Exposure to these drugs, in many cases, causes addiction by the anesthesiologist to the drug. Although there has been increased education and improved control of operating room medications, the rate of substance abuse among anesthesiologists remains unchanged. Substance abuse often times proves deadly for abusers. Surveys have shown that eighteen percent of substances abusers were identified solely by an overdose causing death. “It is clear that new and more effective means of prevention are required if substance abuse among anesthesiologists is to be reduced.” The author of this article incorporates many rhetorical elements into his article. An example of a rhetorical element that he uses is ethos. The author uses quite a large number of statistics. The use of statistics in an article shows that the author did research on his topic and should know what he is talking about. Ethos should make the author seem like a credible source because he is not simply writing based on what he thinks he knows, but what he has seen proven to be true. A positive aspect of the article is that the author included many statistics, but the negative part behind that is that he did not thoroughly explain the statistics. He, in a sense, states the statistic and leaves it as it is. In order to make the argument of the article presented more strongly, the author of the text should have made it a point to go into detail about the outside information he provided. Instaead of simply stating facts, he should have also added in his feelings on the information that he provided to the audience. This article helped me determine whether or not I really want to pursue the career of an anesthesiologist. Initially, the article surprised me, because it did not occur to me that anesthesiologists were at risks to “second- hand drug intake” on account of patients exhaling the anesthetic drugs into the air. It does frighten me because my health is my main concern, and if I will possibly be harmed at my own job, I do not know if this is the right job for me. I definitely do not want to become addicted to a drug, so I will have to rethink this occupation.
Mishra, R. (n.d.). HMOs, Specialty's Image Cited in Lack of Anesthesiologists in Massachusetts. Boston Globe (1997 to 2005), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
The profession of anesthesiology is one that has had declining interests in the state of Massachusetts over the past few years. This shortage forces many operating rooms to shut down, delaying surgeries, and ending several pain treatment programs. The root of this shortage is the lack of interest among medical students. It is obvious that many medical professionals are moving out of Massachusetts after they get a raise in their jobs. This is most likely because the doctors in Massachusetts do not get paid enough. They are either able to do the same job for more pay, or they are able to do less and get paid the same amount that they were previously receiving. The author of this article uses rhetorical elements to get his point across to his audience. An example of a rhetorical trope that is used is that of ethos. The author uses statistics to prove his point. The use of statistics convinces the audience that the author is a credible source because it shows that he took time out to research his topic. The audience now knows that the author is not simply writing based on what he thinks he knows, but what he has done research on. At one point in the article the author states that “no reliable statistics” were available for a specific subject that he wanted to include in his article. This gives great credibility because it shows the reader that the author would not simply take the easy way out and try to make his argument sound better. If the information was not accurate, he was not going to present it to his audience. An example of a flaw that was present in the article was the lack of explanation of the acronym “HMO”. A reader who is not skilled with medical jargon would have no clue as to what this phrase means. The argument could be presented more strongly by some of the technical language present being better explained. This article has helped me to determine whether or not I really want to pursue this profession. It lets me know that I know for a fact that I want to pursue it, because it has a good salary. It also lets me know never to look for an anesthesiology career in Massachusetts.
Anesthetics are drugs that are given to a patient pending a medical operation that cause the patient to be unable to see, hear, or feel anything during surgery. They basically put the patient to sleep. Anesthetics are a blessing to some and a bane to others. They can do anything between stopping a patient’s pain completely and killing him or her. Researchers have conducted a study that will allow them to see how many anesthetic deaths occur in comparison to the amount of live births. They also find out which type of anesthesia is more risky to the expectant women. The researchers found that “about 1.1 deaths occur per million live births.” It had been previously proven to be more dangerous for women during childbirth to use general anesthetics than regional anesthetics. The recent study has proven that the fatality rates for general anesthetics dropped, but the fatality rate for regional anesthetics has risen over the last eighteen years. The author of this article uses rhetorical elements to present his argument. The most frequently used rhetorical element is ethos. The author constantly attempts to gain credibility by including the ideas of individuals who are well trained in the medical field. Using these particular people’s ideas conveys the sense that the author had reliable sources. Another attempt at credibility took place within the text when the author used a statistic to help get his point across. Statistics are numbers and they show that the author spent some time researching his topic and didn’t just start writing based on what he thought he knew. The audience would see the statistic and come to the conclusion that the author is a credible source, because numbers don’t lie. A flaw that is present in this article is the fact that the author did not write about the follow-up of the medical study, so the reader does not really know what this study helped. The argument of the article would be stronger and more convincing if the author discussed how the study helped future patients. This article helps me determine whether or not I really want to pursue this career. The few amount of maternal deaths due to anesthesia is quite reassuring.
Secondhand Exposure to Drugs May Be an Occupational Hazardfor Anesthesiologists.. (2004, October 25). Ascribe Newswire: Health, Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Health Source - Consumer Edition database.
Anesthesiologists have the job of administering medicines to patients so that they are unconscious and feel nothing during surgery. The drugs that they administer to the patients, however, may be exhaled from the patient, and then inhaled by the anesthesiologist. The drugs that the anesthesiologists inhale could be detrimental to the heath of the anesthesiologist. These drugs can cause dependency and other ill effects. Dr. Mark Gold, a distinguished professor with UF’s McKnight Brain Institute, theorized that reasons other than access to drugs caused anesthesiologists to be overrepresented among addicted physicians, and that the presence of anesthetic agents in the air might be one of them. “This factor may lead some anesthesiologists to abuse drugs”, a theory that University of Florida presents Saturday at the 34th annual Society for Neuroscience meeting in San Diego, California. The author of this article uses different rhetorical tropes to argue his point. The author often uses ethos as a rhetorical device. He lets the audience know that he uses ideas from “a distinguished professor” to gain credibility with his audience. Another way that the author uses ethos is by using statistics. The use of statistics lets the audience know that the author researched his topic and has a good understanding of it. The second rhetorical device that is used in this article by the author is that of a simile. He uses the word “as” to compare the way that exhaled drugs have an affect on an anesthesiologist to the way that cigarette smoke affects second- hand smokers. A flaw that is present in this article is that the definition and job description was not fully explained. A person who is reading the article and does not know what an anesthesiologist was would have a difficult time figuring it out because little information is present in the text. A good way to make the presented argument stronger would be to add in more information about anesthesia and the job description of an anesthesiologist. This article made me rethink becoming an anesthesiologist, because I do not want to unknowingly become exposed and/ or addicted to drugs while doing my work.
Anesthesiologists' Substance Abuse Constant Despite Efforts.. (2002, September 26). Ascribe Newswire: Health, Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Health Source - Consumer Edition database.
During operations, anesthesiologists are exposed to many forms of sedative drugs. Exposure to these drugs, in many cases, causes addiction by the anesthesiologist to the drug. Although there has been increased education and improved control of operating room medications, the rate of substance abuse among anesthesiologists remains unchanged. Substance abuse often times proves deadly for abusers. Surveys have shown that eighteen percent of substances abusers were identified solely by an overdose causing death. “It is clear that new and more effective means of prevention are required if substance abuse among anesthesiologists is to be reduced.” The author of this article incorporates many rhetorical elements into his article. An example of a rhetorical element that he uses is ethos. The author uses quite a large number of statistics. The use of statistics in an article shows that the author did research on his topic and should know what he is talking about. Ethos should make the author seem like a credible source because he is not simply writing based on what he thinks he knows, but what he has seen proven to be true. A positive aspect of the article is that the author included many statistics, but the negative part behind that is that he did not thoroughly explain the statistics. He, in a sense, states the statistic and leaves it as it is. In order to make the argument of the article presented more strongly, the author of the text should have made it a point to go into detail about the outside information he provided. Instaead of simply stating facts, he should have also added in his feelings on the information that he provided to the audience. This article helped me determine whether or not I really want to pursue the career of an anesthesiologist. Initially, the article surprised me, because it did not occur to me that anesthesiologists were at risks to “second- hand drug intake” on account of patients exhaling the anesthetic drugs into the air. It does frighten me because my health is my main concern, and if I will possibly be harmed at my own job, I do not know if this is the right job for me. I definitely do not want to become addicted to a drug, so I will have to rethink this occupation.
Mishra, R. (n.d.). HMOs, Specialty's Image Cited in Lack of Anesthesiologists in Massachusetts. Boston Globe (1997 to 2005), Retrieved November 17, 2008, from Newspaper Source database.
The profession of anesthesiology is one that has had declining interests in the state of Massachusetts over the past few years. This shortage forces many operating rooms to shut down, delaying surgeries, and ending several pain treatment programs. The root of this shortage is the lack of interest among medical students. It is obvious that many medical professionals are moving out of Massachusetts after they get a raise in their jobs. This is most likely because the doctors in Massachusetts do not get paid enough. They are either able to do the same job for more pay, or they are able to do less and get paid the same amount that they were previously receiving. The author of this article uses rhetorical elements to get his point across to his audience. An example of a rhetorical trope that is used is that of ethos. The author uses statistics to prove his point. The use of statistics convinces the audience that the author is a credible source because it shows that he took time out to research his topic. The audience now knows that the author is not simply writing based on what he thinks he knows, but what he has done research on. At one point in the article the author states that “no reliable statistics” were available for a specific subject that he wanted to include in his article. This gives great credibility because it shows the reader that the author would not simply take the easy way out and try to make his argument sound better. If the information was not accurate, he was not going to present it to his audience. An example of a flaw that was present in the article was the lack of explanation of the acronym “HMO”. A reader who is not skilled with medical jargon would have no clue as to what this phrase means. The argument could be presented more strongly by some of the technical language present being better explained. This article has helped me to determine whether or not I really want to pursue this profession. It lets me know that I know for a fact that I want to pursue it, because it has a good salary. It also lets me know never to look for an anesthesiology career in Massachusetts.
Wednesday, November 12, 2008
Edgar Allen Poe: The Pit and the Pendulum
Edgar Allen Poe was a sensational author during his time. He wrote numerous bone-chilling short stories. Of which, the "Tell-Tale Heart", "The Raven", and "The Pit and the Pendulum" were among his most famous and acclaimed works.
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